This chapter defines notation and use of general items such as place, time, organization, person, and contact point.
Information about place consists of point (point), line (route), surface (area), or combination of them.
A point is represented by its latitude, longitude, altitude, and point name. Altitude and point name is omissible. If a place has its own particular name and it is proper to use the name, the point name can be used. Basically, land-surveying system about latitude, longitude, and altitude is based on the International Terrestrial Reference Frame system (ITRF system). Other coordinates systems may be used as well.
Latitude and longitude are represented by its degree or degree/minute/second. If it is represented by degree, the value is signed degrees and the maximum precision is 10-6 degrees. If it is represented by degree/minute/second, it is signed degrees/minutes/seconds and the maximum precision is three decimal place of second.
If latitude is represented by degrees, the equator is 0, the North Pole is +90.000000 and the South Pole is -90.000000. If it is represented by degrees/minute/second, the equator is 0, the North Pole is +90,00,00.000 and the South Pole is -90,00,00.000.
If longitude is represented by degrees, the Greenwich meridian is 0, 180 degrees of east longitude is +180.000000, 180 degrees of west longitude is -180.000000. If it is represented by degrees/minute/second, the Greenwich meridian is 0, 180 degrees of east longitude is +180,00,00.000, 180 degrees of west longitude is -180,00,00.000.
In either case, + sign is omissible.
Example: -41.500000 (by degrees)
141,30,00.0 (by degrees/minutes/seconds)
If the value of the altitude is higher than the datum point of the land-surveying system, it is + signed value in meter is used. If it is lower, - signed value in meter is used. + sign is omissible. The maximum precision is 10-2m.
Example: 15.3 (15.3m)
Point name is described by characters. If a point has several names, formal name (formal), alias (alias), or popular name (popular) can be specified as attributes to describe it.
A route as the target of the information is described. It is described by its route name (or road name), road class, and toll class which indicates whether it is toll road or free. Road class and toll class is omissible. A position or a section on the route can be represented by kilo post or the point name. A section may be represented by the section name assigned to it. If these are omitted, it is interpreted as the whole route.
Route name is described by characters. The formal name is the route name (in case of expressway) or the name of the road (in case of other public roads). In case of overlapped section, the route name with the smaller number is used. If a route has several paths (with bypass etc.), they are distinguished by specifying "main-road/sub-road". If a route has several names (popular name etc.), a formal name (formal), the alias (alias), and the popular name (popular) can be described as attributes to describe them.
Example:
Formal name: Hokkaido Longitudinal Expressway
National route 1 (Fujieda bypass)
Alias: Hokkaido Exppressway
Fujieda bypass
Road class is described by characters. It is classified as expressway, motorway, national highway, prefectural road, municipal road, and other road (agricultural road, forest road, private road).
Whether the road is toll road or free is described by characters. The following five classes are used.
(1) Toll (charged in the whole section and in the whole time zone) (2) Toll by time(charged in a particular time zone) (3) Toll by section (charged in a particular section of the road) (4) Toll by time and section(charged in a particular time zone and a particular part of the road) (5) Free (free in the whole road and in the whole time zone)
Route position is represented by characters to indicate the point name or kilo post (KP value) on the route. If KP value is used, the unit "KP" is specified. An identifier for a KP value may be added by the road administrator.
If a particular section on the route is specified, the point name and the KP value on the route are specified by using slash "/" between them. In this case, the direction is from the left part to right part. A name assigned to a particular section can be also used.
Example: 15.0KP (15.0 kilo post point)
5.7KP/Otaru IC(from 5.7 kilo post point to Otaru IC)
Suzuran street (the whole section of Suzuran street)
An area as the target of the information is described.It is represented by area name, and prefecture code or municipal code. Country name can be specified.
An area can be specified by mesh notation. This document defines the representation using the mesh code based on a standard (area mesh code of JIS, as of now). In other cases, the definition information to identify the mesh must be described.
Country code of two letters based on JIS X 0304 (Country Code) is used to specify a country name.
Example: JP (JAPAN)
5 digits of prefecture code (2 digits) and following municipal code (3 digits) which are defined in JIS as region code are used to identify prefecture and municipality.
Example:
Region Code: 01 (Hokkaido)
01105 (TOYOHIRA-ku, SAPPORO, HOKKAIDO)
Area name is described by characters. If a point has several names such as a popular name adding to its formal name, a formal name (formal), an alias (alias) and a popular name (popular) can be specified as attributes to describe them.
The standard name attribute (std) must be specified for a mesh code. As of now, the value is "JIS-X0410-1976". Supplementary information (area name etc.) can be described as an attribute "comment" by using characters for its value.
If a non-standard mesh code is used, the reference point and the length of either side of the lattice (latitude direction and longitude direction) must be defined.
Example: mesh code: 6441
Standard name: JIS-X0410-1976
Comment: Suburb of SAPPORO
Information about time and period is represented by characters which indicate date and time.
It is described by calendar date and time difference between UTC time and local time.
(1) year/month/date Format: CCYY-MM-DD Example: 1998-08-21 (2)year/month/date, time/minute/second, and the fraction of a second Format: CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.n(+ or -)hhmm Example: 1998-08-21T16:20:30.45+09:00
Notation for the first ten days, the middle ten days and the last ten days of a month, and approximately XX-th day and approximately XX o'clock are defined.
[J] is the symbol which indicates either first, middle or last ten days in a month. [J] is specified by one of "F", "M", and "L". "F" means the first ten days, "M" means the middle ten days, "L" means the last ten days. "A" preceding date and time indicates that the date and time is approximate.
(1) Specification of ten days in the year/month pattern. Format: CCYY-MM-J Example: 1998-08-F (the first ten days of August, 1998) (2) Specification of approximate date in the year/month/date pattern. Format: CCYY-MM-ADD Example: 1998-08-A15 (approximately 15 August,1998) (3) Specification approximate time in the year/month/date and time/minute pattern. Format: CCYY-MM-DDTAhh:mm(+ or -)hhmm Example: 1998-08-21TA16:30+09:00 (approximately 16:30, 21 August,1998)
Notation for the specification of the week of the month is defined here. For example, "the second Saturday every month", "the last Sunday of August" and so on.
"N" indicates that it is the specification of the week of the month. [n] indicates n-th week, [w] indicates w-th day of the week. [n] is the number of "0"-"5" or the indication symbol "L". If it is [0], it means every w-th day of the week. "L" indicates the last w-th day of the month. [w] is the number of "1"-"7", Monday is "1", the following days of the week are numbered incrementally, and Sunday is "7".
When the month specification [MM] is "00", it means every month. When the year specification [CCYY] is "0000", it means every year.
(1) W-th day of the n-th week Format: CCYY-MM-Nnw Example: 1998-08-N26 (the second Saturday in August, 1998) (2) The last w-th day of the month Format: CCYY-MM-NLw Example: 1998-12-NL1 (the last Monday in December, 1998) (3) Every n-th day Format: CCYY-MM-N0w Example: 1999-02-N03 (every Wednesday in February, 1999) (4) Every month Format: CCYY-00-DD Example: 1999-00-01 (the 1st day of every month in 1999) Format: CCYY-00-Nnw Example: 1999-00-N17 (the first Sunday of every month in 1999) (5) Every year Format: 0000-MM-DD Example: 0000-05-25 (25 May every year)
The followings are the time expressions with length.
(1) Time length and cycle Duration is specified. Format: PnYnMnDTnHnMnS Example: P2D (2 days or every other day) (2) Period The starting point and the end point are specified. Format: CCYYMMDDThhmmss/CCYYMMDDThhmmss Example: --12-01/--12-25 (from 1 December to 25 December) (3) Time limit The date and time of the last point are specified. Format: ---/CCYYMMDDThhmmss Example: ---/1999-12-31 (until 31 December 1999)
The upper part and the lower part of the time notation are omissible as far as it is in conformity with the standard used. In either case, it uses hyphens "-" which indicates the omitted numbers or symbols as is specified.
(1) Specific month/day Format: --MM-DD Example: --02-12 (12 February in some year) (2) Specific day Format: ---DD Example: ---12 (12 in some month in some year) (3) Specific month Format: --MM Example: --02 (February in some year) (4) Specific month/week Format: --MM-Nnw Example: --02-N17 (the first Sunday in February in some year) (5) Specific time Format: Thh Example: T07 (7 o'clock of some day) (6) Specific time/minute Format: Thh:mm Example: TA07:30 (approximately 7:30 of some day)
Organization is represented by characters. The hierarchy of the organization is represented by a sequence of department names. Such names are separated by comma "," down to the lowest department.
Example: Civil Engineering Research Institute, Hokkaido Development Bureau
Civil Engineering Research Institute, Hokkaido Development Bureau,
Road Department, Disaster Prevention and Snow Eng. (ITS/Win) Section
A person is described by name, job, title, etc. Either of them is omissible. If the name is omitted, the title must be specified.
Personal name is represented by characters. The family name and the first name are specified in this order and separated by space " ". If a person has several names such as a pen name, those names can be described. In this case, the real name is described as the formal name (formal), the stage name, the pen name, and so on are described as the alias (alias), and the nickname is described as a popular name (popular).
Example: Formal name: Suzuki Ichiro Alias: Ichiro
Title is represented by characters. If a person has several titles, those titles can be described.
Example: Manager of ITS
Chief of XX Section
How to contact a person or an organization is specified. If there are several contact addresses, those addresses are described.
Zip code is described by 7 digits of the combination of 3 digits and 4 digits separated by hyphen "-".
Example: 162-8602
Address is specified by characters describing the place to contact.
Example : 1-3 Hiragishi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido
Phone number, fax number, e-mail address and web-site address are described by "href" attribute. If necessary, comments such as names can be described.
Phone number and fax number are described by characters. Characters used to describe them are digits, plus sign "+" (only if country number is specified), hyphen "-", left parenthesis "(" and right parenthesis ")".
E-mail address is represented by characters which indicate an e-mail address.
Web-site address is represent by URI with its absolute address specification.
Example: href="tel:012(345)6789"
href="fax:+81-12-345-6789"
href="mailto:xxx.ceri.go.jp"
href="http://www.ceri.go.jp/test/"